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“Eponym” are words in the English Language based on or derived from a person’s name.
Etymology: from the Greek, "named after"
Pronunciation: EP-i-nim
What is an example of an eponym? “Thanks to his Machiavellian antics, Joe got a promotion that he didn’t earn.” In this sentence, the word ‘Machiavellian’ is a reference to the Italian author, Machiavelli. That’s an eponym. What is an eponym? It’s a word that comes from the proper name of a person or place. Eponyms words can be based on both real and fictional people and places.
Some common eponyms are very well known. Others will only be familiar to people who understand the cultural reference. For example, if you say ‘I thought I was sunk when my tool broke, but I totally Macgyver-ed a fix.’, not everyone would understand that. They would have to be familiar with the television show ‘Macgyver’ featuring a character who could build and fix nearly anything from random items he would find, all while saving the world. Other eponyms examples enjoy more notoriety. For example, most adults living in the United States are familiar with the term ‘Obamacare’. However, it isn’t guaranteed that anyone outside of the states would understand that.
Eponyms are frequently created because of the close association between the person or place and the word. Many diseases are named eponymously for the people who discovered them.
There is one other form of Eponym. These are words that are initially brand names but now are used to reference entire categories of things. One of the most popular eponyms is a band-aid. While band-aid is the name brand that makes adhesive bandages, most people use the term to refer to any adhesive bandage, regardless of who makes it. Jello is another example.
Eponyms Examples List
Now that we’ve explained what eponyms are, here is the promised eponym list. We think these examples stand out as the most interesting.
1. America
The word America is named after Italian Mapmaker, Amerigo Vespucci.
2. Caesar Salad
Restaurateur Caesar Cardini created the salad that now bears his name.
3. Boycott
This word is named for an Irish land agent, Captain Charles C. Boycott.
4. Fahrenheit
Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit is the physicist for whom this temperature measurement is named.
5. Zipper
The word zipper started as a branded name. BF Goodrich put this fastener on a pair of boots they sold and called it a zipper. The name stuck, and now the word is used to universally describe this type of fastener.
6. Cardigan
This is named after the 7th Earl of Cardigan. He led troops who wore this garment into battle.
7. Sandwich
While some of the backstories may be lore, it is true that the word sandwich is named for the Earl of Sandwich.
8. Ni****ne
Jean Nicot sent powdered to***co leaves and seeds back to France when he visited Portugal as an ambassador.
9. Diesel
This field, used in trucks and other equipment is named after Rudolph Diesel.
10. Reaganomics
This term is used to describe the economic philosophy of 80s United States president Ronald Reagan. It is used to describe a system where the wealthiest receive tax breaks and fewer regulations. This is then supposed to benefit the entire population.

Oh, English. Just when we’re starting to feel good about you, your strange pronunciation techniques strike again!
Over the centuries, spelling in the English language was inconsistent, causing the pronunciation of vowels (and even some consonants) to dramatically change. This, plus the fact that English has borrowed words from multiple languages around the world, means combinations like ough have, ahem, evolved in many different ways.
The following sentence contains them all: “A rough-coated, dough-faced, thoughtful ploughman strode through the streets of Scarborough; after falling into a slough, he coughed and hiccoughed.”

There are more English words beginning with the letter 's' than with any other letter. S' combines easily with other letters to produce new sounds as 'sc', 'sp', 'sh', 'st'. Such combinations act as independent letters increasing the possibility of making new words. The letter 'e' only comes about halfway down the order, and the letter 'x' unsurprisingly comes last.

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The most common letter in English is “e”. According to Readers Digest, “In an analysis of all 240,000 entries in the Concise Oxford English Dictionary, OED editors found that the letter E appears in approximately 11% of all words in the common English vocabulary, about 6,000 more words than the runner-up letter, A.
What’s more: E is the most commonly struck letter on your keyboard and the second most popular key after the space bar. It’s one-third of the single most-used word in English—“the”—and appears in the most common English noun (“time”), the most common verb (“be”), in ubiquitous pronouns like he, she, me, and we, not to mention tens of thousands of words ending in -ed and -es.”
The most common consonant in English? R, followed by T.

The English Alphabet is based on the Latin script, which is the basic set of letters common to the various alphabets originating from the classical Latin alphabet. Indo-European languages, especially those of Western Europe, are mostly written with the Latin alphabet. These languages include the Germanic languages (which includes English, German, Swedish, and others) and the Romance languages (which includes French, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese and others).

Old English
The English language itself was first written in the Anglo-Saxon futhorc runic alphabet, in use from the 5th century. This alphabet was brought to what is now England, along with the proto-form of the language itself, by Anglo-Saxon settlers. The Latin script, introduced by Christian missionaries, began to replace the Anglo-Saxon futhorc from about the 7th century, although the two continued in parallel for some time.

• The Old English alphabet letters were 29: A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T V X Y Z & ⁊ Ƿ Þ Ð Æ
• In the year 1011, a monk named Byrhtferð recorded the traditional order of the Old English alphabet. He listed the 24 letters of the Latin alphabet first, including the ampersand, then 5 additional English letters, starting with the Tironian note ond (⁊), an insular symbol for and:
• With respect to Modern English, Old English did not include J, U, and W.

Modern English
• Five of the letters in the English Alphabet are vowels: A, E, I, O, U.
• The remaining 21 letters are consonants: B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, X, Z, and usually W and Y.
Written English includes the digraphs: ch ci ck gh ng ph qu rh sc sh th ti wh wr zh. These are not considered separate letters of the alphabet.
• Two letters, “A” and “I,” also constitute words.
• Until fairly recently (until 1835), the 27th letter of the alphabet (right after "z") was the ampersand (&).

There are four people at a dinner party. By midnight, two people had left. How many people are left at the party?
Left is just one of many words or expressions known as a contronym—a word that has two meanings that are opposite or nearly opposite. In this example, left means both "leave" (two people had left) and "remain" (How many people are left?), which are antonyms. An antonym is a word that is opposite in meaning to another.
To throw some fancier words around, a contronym is a word that has a homograph that is also its antonym. Homographs are words with the same spelling but different meanings, and antonyms are words with opposite meanings; so with a contronym, you get two semantic occurrences for the price of one.
The term contronym was coined by Jack Herring in 1962. Although two years before, Joseph T. Shipley named the same phenomenon auto-antonym (sometimes spelt autantonym), which means the word is a self-antonym.
Another common term for these quirky words is Janus words.
Janus was an ancient Roman god with two faces that looked in opposite directions, so you can see how he came to be associated with contronyms.
You're likely familiar with many of these contronyms, even if you don't realize it. So check out some of the most common ones, before you check out.
1.bolt – to secure or to flee
2.bound – heading to a destination or restrained from movement
3.buckle – to connect or to break or collapse
4.clip – to fasten together or cut away
5.consult – to offer advice or to obtain it
6.custom – a common practice or a special treatment
7.discursive – moving in an orderly fashion among topics or proceeding aimlessly in a discussion
8.fast – quick, stuck, or made stable
9.fix – to repair or to castrate
10.garnish – to furnish, as with food preparation, or take away, as with wages
11.handicap – an advantage provided to ensure equality or a disadvantage that prevents equal achievement
12.left – remained or departed
13.mean – average, stingy, or excellent
14.model – an exemplar or a copy
15.overlook – to supervise or to neglect
16.screen – to present or to conceal
17.skinned – covered with skin or with the skin removed
18.strike – to hit or to miss in an attempt to hit
19.temper – to soften or to strengthen
20.transparent – invisible or obvious
21.trim – to decorate or to remove excess from
22.trip – a journey or a stumble
23.variety – a particular type or many types
24.wear – to endure or to deteriorate
25.weather – to withstand or to wear

An anagram is a word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of a different word or phrase, typically using all the original letters exactly once. The original word or phrase is known as the subject of the anagram. Any word or phrase that exactly reproduces the letters in another order is an anagram.
They can change part of speech, such as the adjective "silent" to the verb "listen".
Anagrams go way, way back, all the way to the time of the ancient Greeks. They believed that anagrams could be used as a method for finding the “hidden” meaning behind words. However, they became more popular during the Middle Ages in Europe with certain poets, and their popularity continued to increase from the 1500's to 1800's on the sub-continent. Many times, poets or authors using anagrams would switch between the language of Latin, and use it to construct English phrases. For example, the French writer Francois Rabelais published his controversial first book under Alcofribas Nasier, an anagram of his name.
There are many advantages to solving anagrams regularly as they can help your mind to stay sharp and will enable you to practice your vocabulary
Some of the most interesting anagrams are those in which the new arrangement of letters has the same or a similar meaning to the original word. For example, an anagram of the word ‘angered’ is the word ‘enraged’.“Dormitory” turns into the anagram “dirty room,” and “snooze alarms” can be rearranged into “Alas! No more Zs.” Many people who enjoy making anagram puzzles aim for clever anagrams to give a hint to the solver about the word they are looking for.
The opposite of an anagram is an antigram in which the new arrangement of letters has the opposite or contrasting meaning to the original word. Antigrams are particularly playful and are perhaps the most difficult anagrams to devise. There are various wonderful examples of antigrams, but one of the most well known is the antigram of ‘Santa’ which is ‘Satan’.Here are some more:
• "restful" = "fluster"
• "funeral" = "real fun"
• "forty five" = "over fifty"

The small distinguishing mark you see over a lowercase i and j is called a ‘tittle’ (Superscript dot) – an interesting name that seems like a portmanteau (combination) of “tiny” and “little,” and refers to a small point or stroke in writing and printing. Derived from the Latin word titulus, meaning “inscription or heading,” the tittle initially appeared in Latin manuscripts beginning in the 11th century as a way of individualizing the neighbouring letters i and j in the thicket of handwriting. With the introduction of the Roman-style typeface in the late 1400's, the original large mark was reduced to the small dot we use today.

Imagine someone writing out the numbers one through 1,000—the word forms, not the numbers. One, two, three, four…and so on. Eventually, this person might start to notice the conspicuous absence of one letter—the second most common letter in English, no less. It wouldn’t be until this person reached 1,000 that they would finally write the letter A.

It’s the first letter in our alphabet, second only to E in number of appearances in the Concise Oxford English Dictionary, and yet A is nowhere to be found in the English spellings of the first 999 numbers. Of course, this absence-of-A factoid is only true if you count without the “and”s (as in “one hundred and one, one hundred and two…”). If you use just the numeral words, none of them contains the letter A.

Still don’t believe us? Think about it: there’s no “A” in the numbers one through nineteen. Nor is there an “A” in any multiple of ten (twenty, thirty, forty…) or the word “hundred.” And there you have it: Those are all the words you need to spell the first 999 numbers on the number line. Not a single one contains an A! Finally, once you get to 1,000, it finally makes an appearance: one thousAnd.