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If you know anyone ,your relative, neighbor or any employee, who have been diagnosed with tuberculosis, you can refer that patient to Muhammad Umer (Shalamar Alumni) for free Lab tests and free Medication for tuberculosis.

اگر آپ کسی، اپنے رشتہ دار، پڑوسی یا کسی ملازم کو جانتے ہیں جس میں تپ دق کی تشخیص ہوئی ہے، تو آپ اس مریض کو مفت لیب ٹیسٹ اور تپ دق کی مفت دوائی کے لیے میرے پاس بھیج سکتے ہیں۔

Contact: 0308-4421701

Hi everyone! I’m 𝗗𝗿. Salma Batool, 𝗠𝗕𝗕𝗦,𝗙𝗖𝗣𝗦 (Plastic Surgery),I Completed my graduation from SHALAMAR MEDICAL & DENTAL COLLEGE ,Pioneer Batch (2009-2014).I am a Consultant Plastic Surgeon.I specialize in all areas of plastic surgery including Burn ,Reconstructive procedures and Aesthetic surgeries with special interest in Hand surgery,Breast Augmentation,Breast Reduction,Breast Lift ,Facial Aesthetic Surgery

𝗕𝗼𝗼𝗸 𝘆𝗼𝘂𝗿 𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗼𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁𝘀
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Monday to Friday 6-8 pm

𝗔𝗱𝗱𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘀:
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28 A Shadman ll Clinic Corner,Lahore

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𝗜𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺: SB AESTHETICS_Dr.Salma Batool
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"Introducing our talented Dramatics President! His ability to bring the team together and create beautiful productions is a testament to his leadership and creativity. We can't wait to see what he has in store for us next!"

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Day in the Life of a Medical Student in Pakistan | SMDC | Doc Khalifa This video describes the daily life activities of a Medico in Pakistan. Medical profession in Pakistan is regarded as the most prestigious profession of all....

What minimum A house officer should know in his 3 months of house job at various specialities ? plz read and act upon . an effort made for the house officers by YDA .INTERNSHIP / HOUSE JOB MANUAL
(What minimum a house officer should know during his/her clinical rotations at the hospital? )

An effort of YDA mayo for HO’s. Dr Salman Kazmi

(1) GENERAL:
Internship/ house job is a phase of training wherein a graduate is expected to conduct actual practice of medical and health care and acquire skills under supervision so that he/she may become capable of functioning independently.

(2) SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the internship training, the student shall be able to:
• Diagnose clinical common disease conditions encountered in practice and make timely decision for referral to higher level
• Use discreetly the essential drugs, infusions, blood or its substitutes and laboratory services.
• Manage all type of emergencies-medical, surgical obstetric, neonatal and paediatric, by rendering first level care
• Demonstrate skills in monitoring of the national health programme and schemes, oriented to provide preventive and promotive health care services to the community
• Develop leadership qualities to function effectively as a leader of the health team organised to deliver the health and family welfare service in existing socio-economic, political and cultural environment
• Render services to chronically sick and disabled (both physical and mental) and to communicate effectively with patient and the community.

(3) INTERNSHIP – TIME DISTRIBUTION:
• 3 months (compulsory)
Medicine

• 3 months (compulsory)
Medicine and allied

• 3 months(compulsory)
Surgery

• 3 months(compulsory)
Surgery and allied

(4) OTHER DETAILS:
• All parts of the internship shall be done as far as possible in institutions of Pakistan. In case of any difficulties, the matter may be referred to the medical council of Pakistan to be considered on individual merit.
• Every candidate will be required after passing the final M.B;B.S examination to undergo compulsory rotational internship to the satisfaction of the college authorities and university concerned for a period of 12 months so as to be eligible for the award of the degree of bachelor of medicine and bachelor of surgery (M.B;B.S) and full registration.
• The university shall issue a provisional M.B;B.S pass certificate on passing the final examination.
• The state medical council will grant provisional registration to the candidate on production of the provisional M.B;B.S pass certificate. The provisional registration will be for a period of one year. In the event of the shortage or unsatisfactory work, the period of provisional registration and the compulsory rotating internship may be suitably extended by the appropriate authorities.
• The intern shall be entrusted with clinical responsibilities under direct supervision of senior medical officer. They shall not be working independently.
• Interns will not issue a medical certificate or a death certificate or a medico legal document under their signature.
• In recognition of the importance of hands-on experience, full responsibility for patient care and skill acquisition, internship should be increasingly scheduled to utilize clinical facilities available in district hospital, community health centre and primary health centre, in addition to teaching hospital. A critical element of internship will be the acquisition of specific experiences and skill as listed in major areas.
• Provided that where an intern is posted to district/sub divisional hospital for training, there shall be a committee consisting of representatives of the college/university, the state government and the district administration, who shall regulate the training of such trainee.
• Provided further that for such trainee a certificate of satisfactory completion of training shall be obtained from the relevant administrative authorities which shall be countersigned by the principal/dean of college.
• Adjustment to enable a candidate to obtain training in elective clinical subjects may be made.
• One year’s approved service in the armed forces medical services, after passing the final M.B;B.S examination shall be considered as equivalent to the pre-registration training detailed above; such training shall, as far as possible, be at the base/general hospital.

(5) ASSESSMENT OF INTERNSHIP:
• The intern shall maintain a record of work which is to be verified and certified by the medical officer under whom he works. Apart from scrutiny of the record of work, assessment and evaluation of training shall be undertaken by an objective approach using situation tests in knowledge, skills and attitude during and at the end of the training. Based on the record of work and date of evaluation, the dean/principal shall issue certificate of satisfactory completion of training, following which the university shall award the M.B;B.S degree or declare him eligible for it.
• Satisfactory completion shall be determined on the basis of the following:-
o Proficiency of knowledge required for each case
Score 0-5
o The competency in skills expected to manage each case:
o Competency for performance of self-performance,of having assisted in procedures and of having observed.
Score 0-5
o Responsibility, punctuality, work up of case, involvement in treatment, follow-up reports.
Score 0-5
o Capacity to work in a team (behaviour with colleagues, nursing staff and relationship with paramedicals).
Score 0-5
o Initiative, participation in discussions, research aptitude.
Score 0-5
o A score of less than 3 in any of above items will represent unsatisfactory completion of internship.
o Full registration shall only be given by the state medical council/medical council of Pakistan on the award of theM.B;B.Sdegree by the university or it declaration that the candidate is eligible for it.
Scoring (0-5)
0=poor
1=fair
2=below average
3=average
4=above average
5=excellent

(6) SOME GUIDELINES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE TRAINING PROGRAMME:

GENERAL MEDICINE:
• Interns shall acquire following training during their term.
o Acquire competence for clinical diagnosis based on history physical examination and relevant laboratory investigation and institute appropriate line of management;
o This would include diseases common in tropics (parasitic, bacterial or viral infections, nutritional disorders, including dehydration and electrolyte disturbances) and system illnesses.
• The intern shall have assisted as a care team in intensive care of cardiac, respirator, hepatic, neurological and metabolic emergencies.
• The intern shall be able to conduct the following laboratory investigations:
o Blood: (routine hematology smear and blood groups);
o Arterial blood gas sampling
o Urine: (routine chemical and microscopic);
o Stool: (for ova/cyst and occult blood);
o Sputum and throat swab for gram stain or acid fast stain and
o Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for smear.
• Conduct following
o Diagnostic procedures:
Urethral catheterization, proctoscopy, ophthalmoscopy/otoscopy, indirect laryngoscopy

o Therapeutic procedures:
Savingiv line, insertion of NG tube, pleural andascitictap,securing central line, measuring central venous pressure, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tap, installing oropharyngeal airway, oxygen administration etc.

o Biopsy procedures:
Liver, kidney, skin, nerve, lymph node, and muscle biopsy, bone marrow aspiration, biopsy of malignant lesions on surface, nasal/nerve/skin smear for leprosy.
• Familiarity with usage of life saving procedures:
Including use of aspirator, respirator and defibrillator,
• Competence in interpretation of different monitoring devices such as cardiac monitor, blood gas analysis etc.
• Participate as a team member in total health care of an individual including appropriate follow-up and social rehabilitation.
• Other competencies as indicated in general objectives.

PAEDIATRICS:
The details of the skills that an intern shall acquire during his/her tenure in the department of pediatrics are as follows. The intern shall be able to:
• Diagnose and manage common childhood disorders including neonatal disorders and acute emergencies( enquiry from parents of sick children), examining sick child making a record of information;
• Carry out activities related to patient care such as laboratory work, investigative procedures and use of special equipments. The details are given as under:-
o Diagnostic techniques: blood (including from femoral vein and umbilical cord), cerebrospinal fluid, urine, pleura and peritoneum and common tissue biopsy techniques;
o Techniques related to patient care: immunization, perfusion techniques, feeding procedures, tuberculin testing & breast feeding counseling;
o Use of equipment: vital monitoring, temperature monitoring, resuscitation at birth and care of children receiving intensive care;
• Screening of newborn babies and those with objective risk factors for any anomalies and steps for prevention in future;
• Plan in collaboration with parents and individual, collective surveillance of growth and development of new born babies, infants and children so that he/she is able to:
o Recognise growth abnormalities;
o Recognise anomalies of psychomotor development;
o Detect congenital abnormalities;
• Assess nutritional and dietary status of infants and children and organise prevention, detection and follow up of deficiency disorders both at individual and community level such as:
o Protein-energy malnutrition
o Deficiencies of vitamins especially a, b, c and d;
o Iron deficiency;
• Institute early management of common childhood disorders with special reference to paediatrics dosage and oral rehydration therapy.
• Participate actively in public health programme oriented towards children in the community.

GENERAL SURGERY:
An intern is expected to acquire following skills during his/her posting:
• Diagnose with reasonable accuracy all surgical illnesses including emergencies
• Resuscitate a critically injured patient and a severe burns patient
• Control surface bleeding and manage open wound
• Monitor patients of head, spine, chest abdominal and pelvic injury
• Institute first-line management of acute abdomen
• Perform venesection
• Perform tracheostomy and endotracheal intubation
• Catheterise patients with acute retention or perform trocar cystostomy
• Drain superficial abscesses
• Suturing of wound
• Perform circumcision
• Biopsy of surface tumours

CASUALTY:
• The intern after training in casualty must be able to:
• Identify acute emergencies in various disciplines of medical practice;
• Manage acute anaphylatic shock;
• Manage peripheral-vascular failure and shock;
• Manage acute pulmonary edema and left ventricular failure (LVF);
• ,undertake emergency management of drowning poisonings and seizures;
• Undertake emergency management of bronchial asthma and status asthmaticus;
• Undertake emergency management of hyperpyrexia;
• Undertake emergency management of comatose patients regarding airways positioning, prevention of aspiration and injuries;
• Assess and administer emergency management of burns;
• Assess and do emergency management of various trauma victims;
• Identify medico legal cases and learn filling up forms as well as complete other medico legal formalities in cases of injury, poisoning, sexual offenses, intoxication and other unnatural conditions.

OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY:
Technical skills that interns are expected to learn:
• Diagnosis of early pregnancy and provision of ante-natal care;
• Diagnosis of pathology of pregnancy related to
o Abortions;
o Ectopic pregnancy;
o Tumours complicating pregnancy;
o Acute abdomen in early pregnancy;
o Hyperemesis gravidarum;
• Detection of high risk pregnancy cases and suitable advise e.g. PIH, hydramanios, antepartum haemorrhage, multiple pregnancies, abnormal presentations and intra-uterine growth retardation;
• Antenatal pelvic assessment and detection of cephalopelvic disproportion;
• Induction of labour and amniotomy under supervision;
• Management of normal labour, detection of abnormalities, post-partum hemorrhage and repair of perennial tears;
• Assist in forceps delivery;
• Assist in caesarean section and postoperative care thereof;
• Detection and management of abnormalities of lactation;
• Perform non-stress test during pregnancy;
• Per speculum, per va**nal and per re**al examination for detection of common congenital, inflammatory, neoplastic and traumatic conditions of v***a, va**na, uterus and ovaries;
• Medico legal examination in gynecology and obstetrics.
• To perform the following procedures:-
o Dilation and curettage and fractional curettage;
o Endometrial biopsy
o Hysterosalpingography
o Endometrial aspiration
o Pap smear collection
o Intra uterine contraceptive device (iucd) insertion
o Minilap ligation
o Urethral catheterisation
o Suture removal in postoperative cases
o Cervical punch biopsy
• To assist in major abdominal and va**nal surgery cases in obstetrics and gynaecology.
• To assist in follow-up postoperative cases of obstetrics and gynaecology such as:
o Colposcopy
o Second trimester medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) procedures e.g. Emcredyl prostaglandin instillations
• To evaluate and prescribe oral contraceptive.

OTO RHINO LARYNGOLOGY (ENT):
• Interns shall acquire ability for a comprehensive diagnosis of common ear, nose and throat (ENT) diseases including the emergencies and malignant neoplasm of the head and neck;
• He/she shall acquire skills in the use of head mirror, otoscope and indirect laryngoscopy and first line of management of common ear nose and throat (ENT) problems;
• He/she shall be able to carry out minor surgical procedures such as:
o Earsyringing antrum puncture and packing of the nose for epistaxis,
o Nasal douching and packing of the external canal,
o Remove the foreign bodies from the nose and ear
o Observed or assisted in various endoscopic procedures and trachesotomy;
• An item shall have participated as a team member in the community diagnosis e.g. Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) and be aware of national programme on prevention of deafness,
• He/she shall possess knowledge of various ENT rehabilitative programmes.

OPHTHALMOLOGY:
An intern shall acquire following skills: -
• He/she shall be able to diagnose and manage common ophthalmological conditions such as trauma, acute conjunctivitis, allergic conjunctivitis, xerosis, entropion, corneal ulcer, iridocyclitis, myopia, hypermetropia, cataract, glaucoma, ocular injury and sudden loss of vision;
• He shall be able to carry out assessment of refractive errors and advise its correction;
• He shall be able to diagnose ocular changes in common systemic disorders;
• He/she shall be able to perform investigative procedures such as tonometry, syringing, direct ophthalmoscopy, subjective refraction and fluorescein staining of cornea.
• He/she shall have carried out or assisted the following procedures:
o Subconjunctival injection
o Ocular bandaging
o Removal of concretions
o Epilation and electrolysis
o Corneal foreign body removal
o Cauterization of corneal ulcers
o Chalazion removal
o Entropion correction
o Suturing conjunctival tears
o Lids repair
o Glaucoma surgery (assisted)
o Enucleation of eye in cadaver
• He/she shall have full knowledge on available methods for rehabilitation of the blind.

ORTHOPAEDICS:
The aim of teaching the undergraduate student in orthopaedics and rehabilitation is to impart such knowledge and skills that may enable him to diagnose and treat common ailments. He shall have ability to diagnose and suspect presence of fracture, dislocation, actual asteomyelitis, acute poliomyelitis and common congential deformities such as congentailtalipesequinovarus (CTEV) and dislocation of hip (CDH).
• Therapeutic- an intern must know:
o Splinting (plaster slab) for the purpose of emergency splintage, definitive splintage and post-operativesplintage and application of thomas splint
o Manual reduction of common fractures – phalangeal, metacarpal, metatarsal and colles’s fracture
o Manual reduction of common dislocations – interphalangeal, metacarpophalangeal, elbow a shoulder dislocations
o Plaster cast application for undisplaced fractures of arm, fore arm, leg and ankle
o Emergency care of a multiple injury patient
o Precautions about transport and bed care of spinal cord injury patients.

• Skill that an intern should be able to perform under supervision:
o Advise about prognosis of poliomyelitis, cerebral palsy, ctev and cdh
o Advise about rehabilitation of amputees and mutilating traumatic and leprosy deformities of hand;

• An intern must have observed or preferably assisted at the following operations:
o Drainage for acute osteomyelitis
o Sequestrectomy in chronic osteomyelitis
o Application of external fixation
o Internal fixation of fractures of long bones.

DERMATOLOGY AND SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES:
An intern must be able to: -
• Conduct proper clinical examination; elicit and interpret physical findings, and diagnose common disorders and emergencies
• Perform simple, routine investigative procedures for making bedside diagnosis, specially the examination of scraping for fungus, preparation of slit smears and staining for afb for leprosy patient and for sexually transmitted diseases cases
• Take a skin biopsy for diagnostic purpose
• Manage common diseases recognizing the need for referral for specialized care in case of inappropriateness of therapeutic response.

PSYCHIATRY:
An intern must be able to:-
• Diagnose and manage common psychiatric disorders
• Identify and manage psychological reaction and psychiatric disorders in medical and surgical patients in clinical practice and community setting.

CHEST MEDICINE:
An intern after training must be able to: -
• Conducting proper clinical examination, elicit and interpret clinical findings and diagnose common respiratory disorders and emergencies
• Perform simple, routine investigative procedures required for making bed side diagnosis, specially sputum collection, examination for etiological organism like acid fast bacillus, interpretation of chest x-rays and respiratory function tests
• Interpret and manage various blood gases and ph abnormalities in various respiratory diseases
• Manage common diseases recognizing need for referral for specialized care in case of inappropriateness of therapeutic response
• Perform common procedures like laryngoscopy, pleural aspiration, respiratory physiotherapy, laryngeal intubation and pneumo-thoracic drainage aspiration.

ANAESTHESIA:
After the internship in the department of anesthesiology an intern shall acquire knowledge, skill and attitude to:
• Perform pre-anaestheticcheckup and prescribe pre-anaesthetic medications
• Perform venepuncture and set up intravenous drip
• Perform laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation
• Perform lumbar puncture, spinal anaesthesia and simple nerve blocks
• Conduct simple general asaesthetic procedures under supervision
• Monitor patients during anaesthesia and post-operative period
• Recognise and manage problems associated with emergency anaesthesia
• Maintain anaesthetic records
• Recognise and treat complication in post-operative period
• Perform cardio-pulmonary brain resuscitation (C.P.B.R.) Currently, including recognition of cardiac arrest.

RADIOLOGY:
An intern after training must be able to identify and diagnose:
• All aspects of ‘emergency room’ radiology like –
o All acute abdominal conditions
o All acute traumatic conditions with emphasis on head injuries
o Differentiation between medical and surgical radiological emergencies
• Basic hazards and precautions in radio-diagnostic practices.

PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION:
An intern is expected to acquire the following skills during his/her internship: -
• Competence for clinical diagnosis based on details history an assessment of common disabling conditions like poliomyelitis, cerebral palsy, hemiplegia, paraplegia, amputations etc
• Participation as a team member in total rehabilitation including appropriate follow up of common disabling conditions
• Principles and procedures of fabrication and repair of artificial limbs and appliances
• Various therapeutic modalities
• Use of self-help devices and splints and mobility aids
• Familiarity with accessibility problems and home making for disabled
• Ability to demonstrate simple exercise therapy in common conditions like prevention of deformity in polio, stump exercise in an amputee etc.

FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY:
The intern is to be posted in the casualty department of the hospital while attached under forensic medicine department with the following objectives:
• To identify medico legal problem in a hospital and general practice
• To identify and learn medico legal responsibilities of a medical man in various hospital situations
• To be able to diagnose and learn management of basic poisoning conditions in the community
• To learn how to handle cases of sexual assault
• To be able to prepare medico-legal reports in various medico legal situations
• To learn various medico legal post-mortem procedures and formalities during its performance by police.

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