01/06/2026
➡️ PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE -WAKATI ULIOPITA UNAOENDELEA
▶️ Tunatumia tense hii katika kuelezea vitendo vilivyokuwa vinaendelea kufanyika wakati uliopita.
▶️ Pia tunatumia tense kuelezea vitendo vilivyokuwa vinafanyika wakati vitendo vingine vilipotokea au vilipoingilia kati (interrupted actions).
Ngoja tuangalie matumizi hayo katika sentensi hizi hapa chini katika maelezo na maswali.
📝Kanuni (structure) katika maelezo ya kawaida/kukubali (positive statements).
Subject + was/were + verb---ing (kitendo kikiwa katika hali ya kuendelea)
"Was" inatumika kwa I, he, she, it na Jina moja.
"Were" inatumika kwa You, we, they na majina mengi.
MIFANO
1. I was drinking coffee at the café - nilikuwa nakunywa kahawa mgahawani.
2. She was doing the dishes when we came in - alikuwa anaosha vyombo wakati/pindi tulipoingia ndani.
3. They were eating supper while arguing - walikuwa wakila chakula cha jioni huku wakijibizana.
📝Kanuni katika sentensi za kukanusha (negative statements)
Subject + was not/were not + verb---ing (kitendo kikiwa katika hali ya kuendelea)
MIFANO
1. I wasn't singing and dancing when you got into the house - sikuwa ninaimba na kucheza wakati ulipoingia nyumbani.
2. We weren't waiting for the bus while preparing for an exam - hatukuwa tunangojea basi huku tukijiandaa na mtihani.
3. It wasn't pouring outside - haikuwa inanyesha (mvua).
📝Kanuni katika sentensi za maswali - positive questions.
Was/were + subject + verb---ing (kitendo kikiwa katika hali ya kuendelea)?
1. Were you rushing to the bus stop? - je ulikuwa unawahi stendi (kituo cha basi au dala dala)?
2. Was he running faster than you when they showed up? - je alikuwa anakimbia haraka kuliko wewe pindi walipotokea(walipofika)?
3. Was she heading to the store? - je alikuwa anaenda dukani?
That's all for today.
If you have any question, we are here to help each other.
See you soon!
14/05/2026
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Tunatumia tense hii katika kuelezea mambo tuliyoyafanya maishani (life experiences) au vitendo vilivyopita bila kutaja vimefanyika wakati gani (past actions in an unspecified time)
📝Kanuni (structure) katika sentensi za kawaida (positive statements)
Structure: Subject + has/have + past participle verb KUMBUKA has ni kwa He, She, It na Jina moja. *Have* ni kwa I, You, They, We na Majina mengi.
MIFANO
1. I have eaten lunch - nimekula chakula cha mchana.
2. They have climbed up the mountain - wamepanda katika mlima huo.
3. Juma and Asha have written a book - Juma na Asha wameandika kitabu.
📝Kanuni katika kuuliza swali (positive questions)
Structure: Has/Have + Subject + past participle verb
MIFANO
1. Have you finished your meal? - je umemaliza chakula chako?
2. Has he arrived at the store? - je amefika dukani?
3. Have we driven a car? - je tumeendesha gari?
📝Kanuni katika maelezo ya kukanusha (negative statements)
Structure: Subject + has/have + not + past participle verb
MIFANO
1. I haven't been to Kenya - sijawahi kuwa (kuenda) Kenya.
2. You haven't cooked before - hujapika hapo kabla.
3. She hasn't visited the Kilimanjaro mountain - hajatembelea mlima Kilimanjaro.
ZINGATIA maneno haya yanayotumika sana katika Present Perfect Tense.
▶️ Already - linamaanisha "tayari"
na linatumika katika positive statements.
Mifano
1. I have already done my chores - nimeshafanya kazi zangu za nyumbani tayari.
2. Isaack has already gone to school - Isaack ameenda shule tayari.
▶️Yet - linamaanisha "bado" na linatumika katika kuuliza maswali (positive questions) na katika sentensi za kukanusha (negative statements).
Mifano
1. Have you eaten yet? - je umekula?
2. I haven't eaten anything yet - sijala chochote bado.
▶️Still - linamaanisha "bado" na linatumika katika sentensi za kukanusha (negative statements)
Mifano
1. Jason still hasn't returned home - Jason hajarudi nyumbani bado.
2. They still haven't replied my message - hawajajibu ujumbe wangu bado
16/02/2026
Hello 👋 How are you doing.
Let's learn this idiomatic expression
"To see eye to eye on au with" inatamkwa "tu sii ai tu ai"==> tunatumia msemo pale tunapoongelea jambo au mada ambayo tunakubaliana na wengine yaani tuna mawazo sawa juu ya mada hiyo. Pia ukikanusha msemo huo utakuwa unaongelea jambo ambalo hamkubaliani au hamna mawazo sawa katika jambo hilo.
Unatumiaje?
Structure 1
Subject + see eye to eye on + mada au jambo unalolizungumzia KUMBUKA weka preposition "on" kabla hujataja hiyo mada kwa hiyo angalia vizuri hiyo structure.
Examples
✓ I and my brother see eye to eye on football and politics = Mimi na kaka yangu tunakubaliana katika mpira wa miguu na siasa. Au unaweza kutafsiri sentensi hiyo k**a hivi "Mimi na kaka yangu tuna mawazo sawa linapokuja suala la kandanda/mpira wa miguu na siasa.
✓ They always see eye to eye on spending time on social media = Daima/kila mara wao hukubaliana katika kutumia muda wao katika mitandao ya kijamii AU unaweza kusema "Daima/Kila mara wao huwa na mawazo yanayofanana linapokuja suala ya kutumia muda wao katika mitandao ya kijamii"
✓ She and her son see eye to eye on helping and encouraging others to succeed in life = Yeye na mtoto wake wa kiume wanakubaliana (au unaweza kusema "wana mawazo sawa au yanayofanana) katika kuwasaidia na kuwatia moyo watu wengine juu ya kufanikiwa katika maisha.
Structure 2
Subject + see (sees) eye to eye with + person + on + mada mnayokubaliana au mliyo na mawazo sawa. Katika muundo huu mtu unayekubaliana nae unaweza kumuweka baada ya expression "see eye to eye" na pia kwa viwakilishi "She, He na jina moja" _see_ tunaongeza "s" na kuwa _sees_
Examples
✓ I see eye to eye with you on this matter = ninakubaliana na wewe katika jambo hili.
✓ He sees eye to eye with Jennifer on fashion = Yeye anakubaliana au ana mawazo sawa na Jennifer katika uwanamitindo.
✓ They see eye to eye with many of us on teaching English = wanakubaliana na wengi katika sisi katika ufundishaji wa Kiingereza.
UKITAKA KUKANUSHA WEKA "DO NOT (DON'T) AU DOES NOT (DOESN'T) KABLA YA "SEE" KATIKA STRUCTURE HIZO MBILI. hivyo utakuwa unamaanisha hamkubaliani katika jambo hilo au mada hiyo.
EXAMPLES
✓ I don't see eye to eye with you on reading newspapers = sikubaliani na wewe katika kusoma magazeti.
✓ Juma and Asha don't see eye to eye on this = Juma na Asha hawakubaliani katika hili.
✓ He doesn't see eye to eye with your parents on wedding preparation = hakubaliani na wazazi wako katika maandalizi ya harusi.
That's all and I hope you find this lesson helpful and try to make sentences and read them out loud.
Let's learn, speak and become fluent English speakers.
15/01/2026
Today's vocabulary
Drive off = kuondoka sehemu kwa kutumia gari
MIFANO
1. I drove off from my house yesterday = niliondoka nyumbani kwangu jana kwa gari.
2. The thieves after breaking into the bank they drove off quickly = wezi baada ya kuiba bank waliondoka kwa kutumia gari haraka.
